Explain and discuss Nietzsche on truth Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Explain and discuss Nietzsche on truth - Essay Example What is truth? This is a question that humans have asked since the beginning of thought or rather since we started communicating through language. Truth has always evaded this question, as far as philosophers are concerned. But, if you ask this question to a common man/woman, the answer would be simple and incontrovertible, which only reflects his/her immediate ‘reality’. Nietzsche is a philosopher whose preoccupation with truth has driven him to such extremes where he had no option than to negate the existence of truth itself. The interpreters of Nietzsche, on the other hand, tried to substantiate their philosophical biases using parts of Nietzsches arguments which could be interpreted as it suited them. This has led to a situation where contradictory interpretations were being validated by the same philosophy of Nietzsche. A birds eye view of all these interpretations and theories throws light upon the paths which human intellect passionately treads unhindered by the limitations of human comprehension. Before entering the intricate space created by Nietzsche regarding truth, the word, truth itself needs to be relocated in philosophical space and time so that further enquiries can be based on them. There are several theories on truth of which the major ones are correspondence theory, coherence theory, constructivist theory and pragmatic theory on truth. While, some of these theories are in assonance with Nietzsches theory of truth, some are in direct contrast with it also. The correspondence theory of truth is the earliest theoretical model on truth. It tells us that â€Å"a proposition or sentence is true when it corresponds to an appropriate fact which is something in the world that makes a proposition or a sentence true† (Newman, 2002, p.1). Here the propositions or sentences are â€Å"truth bearers† and facts are â€Å"truth

How do notions of the postmodern undermine the truth of the Essay

How do notions of the postmodern undermine the truth of the photographic image - Essay Example ated to bring a revolution in ways of capturing details, critiques argue that photography is not just a mere window on the world but it has become a space for nightmares, obsessions, unconsciousness and an opening of fantasies thorough computer manipulations that stage convincing fictional images (Kostikova,2013,pp.24-28). The manipulation leads into doubts over the originality of photographs. Rather than the manipulation of photographs, other notions of postmodernism such deteriorating discipline, war photography, propaganda and political agendas can be identified to be among the causes of negativity on the truth of the photographic image. To fully understand photography, it is important to understand the origin of photography and its impact on the people of the postmodern age. The presence of photographic practice shows the ability to capture reality at a given time without any intervention by man, indicating a clear distinction from a painting that was an artistic contemplation. There had been some excitements due to the technological innovation that new gadget was capable of achieving. However, two questions were arising concerning the beautiful images produced by the camera. The first question was on the origin of the photograph image. That leads to being curious on the truth about the content of the image (Applin, 2014, pp.387-389). The second question was on the purpose of the photo image; together with the uses it can be subjected. Looking at both questions, the credibility of the photography is undermined due to the various works of art that are not original, and it becomes challenging to verifying their origi nality and the purpose of having reality on them. Hughes argues that, â€Å"Despite its apparent precision, perspective is a generalization about experience. It schematizes, but it does not really represent the way we see.† The argument can be borrowed into photography meaning that its ability to capture original experience of the world is limited

Bioinspired tough structures Literature review Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4500 words

Bioinspired tough structures - Literature review Example Their self-organization is also a contributing factor to the mechanical properties of biological materials together with the manner in which the structures are assembled at the molecular level. Nacre is one of the iridescent layer found in most mollusk shells. It has a high amount of mineral that makes it tough and also stiff. The toughness of nacre is three times harder than its mineral constituents. Nacre has thus become a biomimetic model due to this property since it is the only material with an enormous amplification of its toughness. In this work, different bio-inspired materials shall be analyzed basing on the mechanical and structural properties. The development process of various types of artificial shell will also be analyzed. It is expected that Nacre mineral constituent are in microscopic polygonal tablets and has an ability to slide over one another when loaded under tension. This property has made nacre become a quasi-ductile material with significantly increased toughness and damage tolerance. Natural and biological materials can depict a considerable combination of stiffness, strength, toughness and even low weight which cannot be matched by artificial materials. For this reason, researchers are turning to nature for different design of artificial structures. The high-performance structural materials produced by nature inspires the scientist in the natural design. Also their ability to combine the building blocks and even amplify its properties (Xia, 2015). Nacre currently serves as a sole biomimetic model in the new generation of composite materials. Nacre found in the mollusk shell serves to protect the soft body parts against the harsh environment and the predators. These shells are highly mineralized tissues with at least 95% of it being mineral content. As a result, they have high stiffness and hardness.

The person worthy of being considered a leader Research Paper

The person worthy of being considered a leader - Research Paper Example The three personality traits of Che Guevara that will be discussed in this paper are selflessness, decisiveness and courage. The life history of the great leader will be searched and facts about his life that represent these traits will be reviewed for providing evidence that he possessed these three traits throughout his life. A noticeable characteristic of Che Guevara is that of selflessness. He possessed such acquaintance with his chosen life of working for the people that he sacrificed his personal privileges of leading a sophisticated lifestyle. He found out accidentally that according to the food rationing government scheme introduced in the year 1961, he was being provided with higher rations than other general people. On knowing this fact, he immediately cut off his extra rations that he was provided. Evidence of his selfless nature has even been found when it was observed that during certain periods of time he even refused to take the travelling allowances provided by the go vernment for use in purposes related to official activities. In this regard, he refused to take the allocated petrol from the government for official purposes in taking his wife to the hospital. At a certain point of time in his life, when the government allotted airfare to his family to visit him in Cuba, he asked his family members to not accept the same from the government and asked them to bear their respective airfares to travel from Argentina to Cuba to visit him. His selfless nature led him to become more committed to the processes of revolution. His nature of being committed and the lifestyle that he led all throughout his existence in the world has helped enormously in earning the special place within the minds and hearts of the people belonging to the Latin American and the Cuban region (Saunois, â€Å"Che Guevara - Symbol of Struggle†). Guevara was a person who also possessed strong decisiveness. He was so clear about his goals that he never allowed his professiona l possessions collide with his desires and aspirations in life. When he faced the cycle of dilemma related to either choosing medicine or guns as his career, he noted the following verse which clearly evaluates his nature of being decisive. He stated that he was in an ambiguous state in his life when he had to decide whether he should dedicate his life working with medicine or should perform comprehensively his duties as a revolutionary leader. At that point, he decided his career through a straightforward thought that he had to choose one from a bag which was filled with medicine and an ammunition box. The bag and the box together were quite heavy to be carried by him and thus he decided to carry the ammunition box and left the medicine bag. With decisiveness, gradually he became the chief lieutenant of Fidel Castro and differentiated himself from others as a practical and brutal diplomat who could effectively lead his collaborators and traitors. Also at the same time, he deemed hi mself to be holding deep concern for the wellbeing of his groups. His decisive nature took him to the heights of popularity not only in Cuba but also in Latin America. With the passage of years in his life, he grew more and more focused towards his ambition in life. Along with popularity and love among the people of Cuba and Latin America, success in line with the fulfillment of his ambition also arrived throughout his various phases of life

Art exhibition Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Art exhibition - Essay Example Works by Jean-Baptiste-Camille Corot, Jean-Franà §ois Millet, Claude Monet, Thà ©odore Rousseau, Gustave Le Gray, and Eugà ¨ne Cuvelier and other artists were placed purposefully providing a view of the scenery at Fontainebleau. The artworks were interestingly supported by the brochures, maps and souvenirs for tourists during the 19th century to give the viewers a realistic tour of Fontainebleau. I appreciated the exhibit very much because the presentation was visibly carefully planned and well researched by the organizers. The paintings complemented by the photographs in the exhibit comprehensively showed viewers the famous scenery of Fontainebleau. The pieces were accurately selected to perfectly complement each other relating the historical significance of Fontainebleau to the Impressionist movement; an example of such complementary work is Claude Monet’s ‘The Bodmer Oak, Fontainebleau Forest’ and Eugà ¨ne Cuvelier’s ‘Beech Tree near the Bodmer Oak’ which both depicts similar scenery at Fontainebleau. ‘In the Forest of Fontainebleau: Painters and Photographers from Corot to Monet entertainingly educate viewers of the significance of Fontainebleau for the painters and photographers during the 19th century. From the exhibit, I was familiarized with the indispensable relationship between painting and photography and their necessity in recounting the history of important events and places. Furthermore, the exhibit visually narrates the progress in the art of Impressionists by displaying works ranging from the early works to the later works of various Impressionist artists. The exhibit’s theme and its purpose of bringing viewers in the forest of Fontainebleau was achieved because the exhibit can be compared to a tour in the forest of Fontainebleau with breathtaking sceneries skillfully captured by the artists in their canvasses and by their

Another Kind of Racism Essay Example for Free

Another Kind of Racism Essay Racism is a disease. Spread by not only words and actions but by silence and inaction. In two stories presented in different media – a novel and a movie—racism is spread by people who feel they are not racists, but who do nothing to prevent and stop racism. The reality is that it is easy to pretend racism doesn’t exist, yet everyone practices it in some way. Those who know racism is wrong and do nothing are the â€Å"perpetrators† of racism. They allow the disease to cling to a group and spread like sending a sick toddler to preschool; touching everything and everyone, infecting all. In T. C. Boyle’s book Tortilla Curtain, racism is present throughout the book – enough to exhaust the reader. In the movie Crash, racism is one element of a complex plot. They teach the reader similar, compatible lessons. The character Delaney from the book and the Cameron from Crash both are used to depict stereotypical persons who claim to fight racism, stereotyping, and discrimination, yet when faced with a situation when it is directed toward them or someone near to them they allow racism to happen as if nothing was wrong. Following these people are dying morals and blind humanity. Delany is a white, affluent, born on the East Coast; he now lives in Los Angeles. Living in a â€Å"gated community† had insulated him from the poverty that surrounded the very edges of the walls of exclusive neighborhood. During community meetings he does not want to discuss the increasing numbers of illegal immigrants; he prefers to focus on the coyote attacks. Until the accident he did not know his life would cross paths with an Illegal Immigrant. He had seen them only in the parking lots where they waited looking for work. He claims to not be a racist, to not be biased, and to not stereotype individuals at these meetings. As he claims this, his car hits a Mexican named Candido. Delaney soothes his conscience by giving Candido $20 blood money, explaining to his wife Kyra that Hes a Mexican. Delaney actions suggest that Mexicans are not â€Å"people.† More than 50 years earlier John Steinbeck’s characters in the book The Grapes of Wrath phrase the issue much of the same way, â€Å"They ain’t human. A human being wouldn’t live like they do. A human being couldn’t stand it to be so dirty and miserable.† Delaney prefers to pretend as if the Mexicans didn’t exist, as the alternative is showing how he feels insecure and threatened by them. This is same way the character of the Hollywood Director Cameron in the same movie allows racism and harassment to occur in front of him to his own wife. He allows her to be violated by a racist white cop. After his wife gets molested, instead of standing up against the cop and protecting his wife; he grovels and thanks the cop for not giving him a ticket, â€Å"Look, were sorry, and we would appreciate if you would just let us go with a warning, please.† (Crash, 2004). Delaney and Cameron are hypocrites being perpetrated from both ends of the spectrum; they represent individuals directly affected by racism who fail to respond in a way that causes it to cease, and those indirectly causing the racism to occur and spread. In the movie Crash this is shown by Cameron feeling cornered and lashing out against those around him; in Tortilla Curtain it is shown when the main character gives up fighting against the walls and letting those around him decide for him what is right and wrong. By their silence they allow the racism to perpetuate around them. Individuals like those portrayed in these scenarios run the risk of causing an unending cycle of racism and bigotry that will not stop until someone stands up against it. Their fear feeds those around them. In Crash Cameron is confronted by fellow worker asking about an African American actor. â€Å"This is gonna sound strange, but is Jamal seeing a speech coach or something?This is weird for a white guy to say, but have you noticed hes talking a lot less black lately?† And the answer is, â€Å"No, I havent noticed that.† At first the character stands up to the â€Å"racist† questioner but in the end he gives up, he ignores why Jamal hasn’t been â€Å"sounding Black† and goes on acting as if the words had not been said. In the same way after a canyon fire is set accidently by Candido in Tortilla Curtain; Delaney attacks a Mexican man who is being questioned by the police. Delaney looked round at his neighbors, their faces drained and white, fists clenched, ready to go anywhere, do anything, seething with it, spoiling for it, a mob. They were out here in the night, outside the walls, forced out of their shells, and there was nothing to restrain them.† (The Tortilla Curtain, 289) This occurs immediately after Delaney has attacked the handcuffed Josà © Navidad, arrested under suspicion of starting the fire. Delaney’s furious, uncontrolled actions and unexplainable anger towards the Mexicans has incited a full-on riot, with the evacuated residents of Arroyo Blanco ready to attack anything and anyone. The idea of the wall comes up in both movies, with whites being forced outside their walls, and their comfort zones. The results are frightening. The white citizens of the town have abandoned their ordered ways, Delaney has even abandoning his self-imposed rules; he has indulged in alcohol. All have become more like the uninhibited immigrants they dislike and fear. In Crash the audience sees the hatred and racism feed on itself when two suspicious black men attack the District Attorney after complaining about racism towards them. The wife goes off on a rant after the attack and says many racial slurs and insults the locksmith. Her anger spills over into her husband who starts ranting as well. â€Å"Why did these guys have to be black? I mean, why?† (Crash, 2004). Like a disease, racism and hatred spreads from person to person impregnating their souls with bigotry and a blind sense of what is right. In the end both characters lose sight of what is right. More concerned about themselves than how their actions affect those around them. Their arrogance in thinking that they are above the racism and bigotry has significant consequences. The infectious nature of racism in individuals who are intelligent, and who have power and influence, is the real danger. Their thinking is infectious, and once these thoughts are inside someone’s head they don’t leave. It is especially dangerous when these individuals are opinion leaders. These are characters in fiction, but in the real world, people like Delaney and Cameron should not be tolerated. They cause the spread of racism, creating an unending circle of pain and grief for everyone they touch and a wider circle touched by those whom they have touched. Works Cited: Crash. Dir. Paul Haggins. Perf. Don Cheadle and Sandra Bullock. Warner Brothers, 2004. DVD. Frenken, Wiltrud, Angela Luz, and Brigitte Prischtt. T.C. Boyle: The Tortilla Curtain. Paderborn: Schöningh, 2007. Print. Steinbeck, John. The Grapes of Wrath. New York: Viking, 1939. Print.

Detecting of Ransomware using Software Defined Networking

Detecting of Ransomware using Software Defined Networking Abstract Ransomware is a major weapon for cyber-extortion. The traditional signature-based detection no longer holds good against modern, sophisticated malware that employs encryption techniques and social engineering. This paper investigates the use of Software Defined Networks (SDN) to detect the illicit communication between infected PCs (ransomware) and their controller known as the Command Control (CC) server. SDN provides unique opportunities to detect malicious DNS requests (associated with malware) and where possible block ransomware controls requests, and thereby prevent ransomware triggering. In this article we mostly look at detection at commercial or business scenarios, where the data handled are much more sensitive and might lead to monetary loss. Index Terms Ransomware, cyber-extortion, Signature-based detection, Software defined Networking. Cyber-Extortion malware can be trace back to three decades earlier [1]. It all started with the malware named PC CYBORG which was delivered through floppy disk. The reports of modern malware known as ransomware were started in early 2005. Since then ransomware has developed into more sophisticated method of attack to extort money from people as well as the companies. Ransomware can make a huge impact on businesses, especially if it strikes mission-critical systems. The attacker forces the companies to pay-out money in the form of bitcoins which can be anonymous and not so easily traceable. If refuse to pay, they threaten to destroy the data. This is a profitable business model to cyber criminals as the companies and people tend to pay out to retrieve the data [2]. It is estimated that the pay-outs to ransomware is close to $1 billion an year as per IBM for 2016[3]. This is just known pay-outs and it crosses more than $1 bn if all the pay-outs are considered. The anonymity of the attacker and necessity of the victim makes it one of the popular attacks to extort money, especially from major tech companies and targeted businessmen. The ransomware is not specific to a single OS platform. From past few years, the ransomware have been developed for different platforms like linux, Mac OS and popular one emerging now a days is for android. In general, the working of modern ransomware is as follows. First, a user machine is infected using various attack vectors for example, clicking on malvertisement, downloads from non-trusted sites, phising, spam, etc. Second, the victims system or the stored data is encrypted (locked), based on the type of ransomware. The modern versions of the ransomware can encrypt storage drives such as cloud storage, Dropbox, and shared network devices. As a result, multiple systems on the network can get compromised, by a single infection. Figure 1 shows the general working of the symmetric and asymmetric crypto ransomware. Fig. 1. (left )Symmetric and (right) asymmetric crypto ransomware As the ransomware evolves, some well know malwares have come into business, such as CryptoLocker, CryptoWall, TeslaCrypt and Locky have been widely used and updated. Detecting these ransomware before the payload activates and start encrypting is very difficult [4]. Figure 2. Shows that only half of anti-virus scanners provide protection for this new malware, even after several days of a new attack being circulated. Fig. 2. Time to detect new malware by antivirus vendors. Recent study shows that the ransomware is becoming successful as the prices are tailored as per companys or countrys ability to pay [5]. If the ransom isnt paid within the expiry of the ransom note, the ransom usually doubles. This instils fear of losing the files or pay higher. This let company or the person feel it is easier and less expensive to pay the ransom and get back the files rather than reporting it and trying to find a solution for it. This makes it important to come up with mitigation techniques to stop this from continuing and The ransomware developers are constantly improving their product which makes it hard for developing long lasting countermeasures. With large number of devices that are getting connected on the internet like the Internet of things, the ransomware is being developed to multiple devices. Most common method of detection of ransomware, infact any malware, is signature based detection. Hence most of the experts suggest keeping the antivirus scanners up to date [6]. But as we have seen from the earlier that not many vendors give out updates that regular. Also with the use of encryption techniques and social engineering, it easily evades the defence in firewall and email spam filters. Hence the detection of entry of ransomware into the system or the network is becoming much more difficult. One more commonly used method of detection is by identifying the extensions. For example, many use extensions like .locky, etc. But this can be masked by encryption techniques. Microsoft advices the best way to tackle ransomware is by having a tested reliable backup to escape the damages of the ransomware [7]. Although this is one of the best methods, creating and maintaining backups for huge organizations can be really expensive and time consuming. Now let us take a look at few of the current implementations to detect ransomware in commercial or business network as they are the major victims because of the data they hold. Majorly used method is implementing products which use User Behaviour Analytics (like Varonics or DatAdvantage). This works on the baseline of normal activity and if there is any other abnormal activity, an alert would be sent to the administrator. The major disadvantage with this is any other legitimate activity which is not mentioned under normal behaviour was reported which led to receiving of lot of false positives about the activity. Other method used was to detect malicious activity by monitoring changes in File Server resource manager (FSRM), function built into Windows Servers. By using canaries, writing unauthorised files can be blocked. This helped in developing PowerShell to block unauthorised user access. Most of the currently used techniques work fairly well with the symmetric crypto ransomware. They tend to be less efficient with the asymmetric crypto ransomware. In this article we look at one of the basic approach that can be taken to mitigate ransomware with the use of Software Defined Networking (SDN). This method is mostly useful in companies or a small network with a system administrator to monitor the network traffic. Proposed method is based on findings after analysing CryptoWall ransomware [8]. But this can be applied to other types of crypto-ransomware, such as Locky TeslaCrypt, etc, which communicates with the Command Control (CC) servers. The primary intension with this proposed method is to cut-off the connection between the victim and the CC systems. Without connection to CC the encryption process is not going to be initiated and thus saving the victims system. With the use of Intrusion detection/Prevention systems(IDPS) or firewalls that are commonly used to filter and detect malicious data, it is very hard to give timely response to such threats as there is lot of data that it encounters because of the number of devices that is connected onto the internet now a days. In this article we take a look at two SDN-based mitigation concepts. We can call them SDN1 and SDN2. Both of them rely on dynamic blacklisting of proxy servers used for connecting to the CC server. However for this method to be efficient, it is necessary to have up to date list of all the malicious proxy servers that are previously identified. In this method of mitigation system, it is necessary to develop a SDN application to cooperate with the SDN controller. The controlled provides all the data necessary for analysis. After the detection of threat, the network can be configured to block all the malicious activity and capture suspicious traffic for investigation. This will also help in recovering symmetric key if the ransomware uses symmetric encryption based ransomware. The functionality of the SDN1 is a simple switch. The switch forces all the DNS traffic to be forwarded to SDN controller for inspection. All the responses are compared and evaluated with the database that contains the list of malicious proxy servers. If the domain name extracted from the DNS is present in the database, the response is discarded or blocked to not let it reach the proxy server. This eliminates the process of encryption on the victims system. An alert is sent to the system administrator about this issue for further investigation. The potential drawback of SDN1 is time taken. The DNS traffic from both legitimate and malicious hosts is delayed as each response is checked with the blacked listed domain database. The SDN2 enhances the performance of SDN1 while addressing this issue. As most of the DNS responses received is legitimate, the SDN2 introduces custom flow. This forwards all the DNS response to intended recipient and only the copy of the response is sent to the SDN controller. While the DNS responses are processed, the controller compares the domains with the ones available on the database. If a blacklisted server is found, the victim IP is extracted and all the traffic between the CC server and the victim IP is dropped and an alert is sent to the system administrator. The pictorial representation of both SDN1 and SDN2 are shown in Figure 3. Fig. 3. SDN-based applications, SDN1 and SDN2. Example testbed of the SDN network Major advantages of using SDN based detection techniques is that it can be used to detect both symmetric as well as asymmetric ransomware. As mentioned earlier without the connection between victim and CC server, the infected host will be able to retrieve the public key and hence will not be able to start the encryption process. As we have seen earlier, this method requires a database that contains all the currently known and used malicious proxy servers. This is the major disadvantage of this method. Currently the developers of this method have a database of about 70,000 malicious domains. But this wont be sufficient as the attackers will be looking for new domains to evade detection. Also methods have to be checked frequently and loopholes need to be fixed as the attackers would seek to exploit any loopholes if found. There are researches that are taking place to detect the ransomware using honeypot techniques. The SDN can be included into the honeypots to further enhance the effectiveness of the detection. Alongside with the SDN, the companies will have to develop an Incident Response team [6]. This team should make plans to tackle the issues according to the importance of the systems and also be given training to be equipped with the necessary steps to take in case of an attack which slipped from the SDN controlled. In case of an attack, steps should be taken to contain the ransomware just to the affected system and it doesnt spread to any other system on the network. It is also important to take a backup of the entire necessary and sensitive files in a secure and tested location. This help in restoring the work quickly in case of unseen attack on a critical system. Also one of the most important developments in ransomware is that now it is not just delivered as a Trojan, it is being developed in a way that it can replicate its code onto the removable devices and network drives. This makes it important to educate and train the employees and the staff about the dangers of ransomware and methods that it can be brought in to the network like the spam emails and social engineering [9]. Also companies should discourage the policy of bring your own device (BYOD). Staff a being more alert about the malware makes is very difficult to launch any attack. As we are looking to develop methods to detect and prevent ransomware, new type of ransomware is emerging that threatens to release all the data online, instead of destroying them, if not paid before the ransom note expires. This is makes it more necessary to develop more sophisticated methods of detection to prevent ransomware attacks. Also as this is an SDN based security application, further research can be undertaken to broaden the spectrum of detection and prevention of other types of malware and attacks like DDoS attacks To efficiently fight ransomware, it is important to break the business model of the ransomware developers. With the reduced income to the ransomware developers, they will have to shut down the proxy servers which in turn help in faster detection of newer developers. The best protection is to prevent infection. This may be tough to achieve and hence in this article we have taken a look at 2 types of SDN based security application that can be implemented to improve protection against ransomware. These rely on up to date database of malicious proxy servers which needs to be updated constantly but once detected, the application works efficiently. We have also discussed that it is achievable to break the connection between the victim and the CC server, with the help of SDN application, to make the encryption impossible. Furthermore, we have seen that it is necessary for the companies to actively invest time and money in training people to develop a sense of security at the workplace to reduce the attacks. We have also discussed that this SDN based application need not be limited to detecting ransomware. This can be further developed to detect and prevent other malware, detect attacks based on the network traffic characteristics or detecting malware based on pattern. References N. Hampton and Z. A. Baig, Ransomware: Emergence of the cyber-extortion menace, in Australian Information Security Management, Perth, 2015. Chris Moore,Detecting Ransomware with Honeypot techniques, 2016 Cybersecurity and Cyberforensics Conference. Ransomware becomes most popular form of attack as payouts approach $1bn a year, Networksecuritynewsletter.com , January 2017. Cisco, Cisco 2015 Midyear Security Report, Cisco, San Jose, 2015. Cath Everett,Ransomware: to pay or not to pay? Computer Fraud and security, April 2016. Ross Brewer, LogRhythm, Ransomware attacks:detection, prevention and cure. D. Mauser and K. Cenerelli, Microsoft Protection Center: Security Tips to Protect Against Ransomware, 6 April 2016. Krzysztof Cabaj and Wojciech Mazurczyk, Using Software-Defined Networking for Ransomware Mitigation: The Case of CryptoWall, NETWORK FORENSICS AND SURVEILLANCE FOR EMERGING NETWORKS. Marc Sollars,Risk-based security: staff can play the defining role in securing assets, Networksecuritynewsletter.com à ¯Ã‚ Ã¢â‚¬ ºÃƒ ¯Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚  Ãƒ ¯Ã‚ Ã‚ 